Legal

Can A Battered Woman Be Forced To Kill Someone Other Than Her Batterer?

MayorBob.

Posted to Legal on Fri Dec 29, 2006 at 10:04:07 AM EST (promoted by port1080). RSS.

There is perhaps no more compelling defense to a charge of homicide than self-defense.  Certainly, if you're attacked and in fear for your life, you are allowed to take any and all measures to save your life.  But, what about a case where the person you are forced to kill isn't the person who is threatening your life?  What if it's a case where someone is ordering you to kill someone else or you believe he'll harm or kill you?  Can you take the life of the third party who is presenting no threat to you and still use self-defense?  According to a ruling by a California appellate court you might just be able to do so.

Ny Nourn was an employee at David Stevens' dating service in San Diego.  She was also the lover of Ronald Barker.  When Barker found out that Nourn had sex with Stevens, he decided to kill Stevens.  He ordered Nourn to help him, which she did, and both were found guilty of first degree murder; Barker ended up with life in prison with no possibility of parole and Nourn with life with possibility of parole.  Nourn appealed her conviction on the basis that she was a "battered woman" who was living in fear of Barker killing her but that the jury in her trial heard none of this.

A California state Court of Appeals panel delivered a 2-1 decision (70 pg pdf doc) which ordered that Nourn receive a new trial.  "Battered women's syndrome" (BWS) has been used affirmatively as a rationale for the battered partner to kill the battering partner in instances where the battered partner feels the abuse life-threatening and not likely to end.Not everyone agrees that BWS should be allowed as an affirmative defense.

The majority on the appeals panel, however, agreed that this defense should have been presented at trial by Nourn's lawyer.  Nourn's lawyer said the reason he didn't was that he didn't want Nourn to take the stand because Nourn had told him that she knew Barker was going to kill Stevens.  Nourn's appeal contained affadavits from four psychologists that Nourn suffered from BWS and the court believed that this evidence not being entered at trial meant that Nourn "had no defense."  Justice Patricia Benke dissented saying, "I cannot join the majority's new defense of `the batterer made me do it.'"

Tags: edited by Port1080, written by Mayorbob, abuse, marriage, crime (all tags)

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1

Re: Can A Battered Woman Be Forced To Kill Someone

ms sue.

Fri Dec 29, 2006 at 12:20:47 PM EST

none

From the link to the 2003 article right after the conviction:

Nourn's attorney, Bruce Cormicle, said he was disappointed with the verdict. Cormicle argued at trial that Nourn had no idea her boyfriend planned to kill Stevens. Stevens was killed after Nourn lured him out of his apartment by telling him she had car trouble.

"She never intended that Mr. Stevens be killed," Cormicle said. "This was the act of a madman completely independent of Ny Nourn."

So Cormicle argued that Nourn had no knowledge of the murder plan.

Yet from the 2006 SFChronicle article on the court's decision:

At Nourn's trial, her lawyer argued that she had acted under Barker's control. But the lawyer called no witnesses, explaining later that he was unwilling to put Nourn on the stand because she had told him she knew Stevens would be killed.

IANAL, but if this attorney knew that his client was aware of the murder plot and argued otherwise, shouldn't he be in trouble himself?

2

what I learnt from "24"

wetkarma.

Fri Dec 29, 2006 at 03:54:22 PM EST

none

According to TV World, if a terrorist is threatening to blow up <insert random thing> unless you execute your boss, you get to execute your boss at a train yard with full government sanction.

I suspect in the real world, there is an issue of proximate cause to contend with. If someone is holding a gun to your head and telling you to shoot someone, you have a valid affirmative defense argument --- however it cannot possibly be a self-defense but instead one based on coercion.

It doesn't strike me as reasonable to say that you were defending yourself by following exactly what you were told to do. The legal term is coercion.

Now was she coerced? If she was does this fully mitigatie the fact that she helped murder someone patty hearst style? In this case I'm going to say that were I on the jury, I'd have wanted to hear this defense.

Whether or not this means that I'd have voted not-guilty per my jury nullification ability*, is hardly a sure thing.

*I suspect I'll -never- be selected for jury duty

Memory is a strange bell, jubilee and knell.

3

Re: Can A Battered Woman Be Forced To Kill Someone

Thalia.

Fri Dec 29, 2006 at 06:27:09 PM EST

none

The question here isn't whether this will be an EFFECTIVE defense or not, the question is whether you can be a competent attorney and never investigate this (clearly legally used, and sometimes effective) defense.  The Court of Appeals held that you couldn't provide effective legal defense if you failed to even bother investigating this issue.  I have to concur with the Court of Appeals.  Especially when we're talking about aiding & abetting, or first degree murder, both of which require a mental component of "intending to assist in deed."  If the intent is simply "prevent harm to myself" that clearly does not meet the intent requirement of either crime (called mens rea in legalese).

This write-up, and I must admit that the dissenting opinion, tries to make this out as a case about whether battered woman syndrome would have been an effective defense in these particular circumstances.  This is not an issue being addressed by the Court in this opinion, nor should it be.

Thalia

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^ 3

Re: Can A Battered Woman Be Forced To Kill Someone

charlies.

Sat Dec 30, 2006 at 01:23:46 AM EST

2.00 (interesting)

Thalia, I think some jets need to be cooled. At trial the attorney had a choice: 1) Use a defense that had never, ever in the history of jurisprudence, worked or 2) demonstrate that there was no direct evidence that the young lady knew about the intent to kill, which has been known to work.

Your comment and the majority opinion tell the trial counsel to do what? Investigate, prepare, and present a defense that you, the majority opinion, and common sense say will fail?

This case should never have gone to court. The defendant presumably refused to plead guilty to, or the prosecutor refused to offer, the reasonable plea: Manslaughter, ten years.

It is appropriate, I think, to point out something that isn't obvious from the writeup or the court's decision: Any level of threat or coercion, including a gun pointed at my head, has never been, and is not now, a defense to a murder charge.

January 20, 2009. Justice becomes possible.

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